Top 10 Programming Languages

 It is a set of defined instructions providing structured communication to write programs, scripts, applications, and algorithms. Using programming languages, developers can create the simplest scripts and the most intricate applications that will be used widely in the digital world. As technology has grown more dominant in everyday life, different career paths and industries have also emerged to manage and develop new tech arrivals.

Today, aspiring developers can choose from a myriad of programming languages to master and enter their preferred field. Below, we review the world’s top programming languages and their history.

Here are the Top 10 Programming Languages:

JavaScript

_image : wikipedia

JavaScript is one of the top 10 programming languages. JavaScript is now used for both the frontend and backend side. There are so many frameworks and libraries available for JavaScript that are quite popular among web developers such as AngularJs, React, Vue, Meteor, and a lot more. 

Web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine that executes the client code. These engines are also utilized in some servers and a variety of apps. The most popular runtime system for non-browser usage is Node.js.JavaScript engines are typically developed by web browser vendors, and every major browser has one. 

In a browser, the JavaScript engine runs in concert with the rendering engine via the Document Object Model and Web IDL bindings. However, the use of JavaScript engines is not limited to browsers; for example, the V8 engine is a core component of the Node.js runtime system. 

JavaScript and the DOM provide the potential for malicious authors to deliver scripts to run on a client computer via the Web. Browser authors minimize this risk using two restrictions. First, scripts run in a sandbox in which they can only perform Web-related actions, not general-purpose programming tasks like creating files.

 Second, scripts are constrained by the same-origin policy: scripts from one website do not have access to information such as usernames, passwords, or cookies sent to another site. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

C or C++

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A lot of low-level stuff such as operating systems, file systems, embedded systems, and kernel development can be built using C or C++. It is one of the top 10 programming languages. 

C is a foundational programming language known for its procedural or structural approach, emphasizing the sequence of operations to be executed. It allows direct interaction with hardware and offers efficient performance, making it ideal for developing operating systems, compilers, and embedded systems.

Almost all the modern and popular languages today inherit the properties of C and C++. C++ is still used in Microsoft Windows and Google projects. Apple also uses C++ language to develop its iOS operating system.

C++ was designed with systems programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems in mind, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of use as its design highlights. 

C++ has also been found useful in many other contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications, including desktop applications, video games, and servers. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

GoLang

_image source : medium.com

GoLang was one of the top 10 programming languages. It is developed by Google and it is also a simple language and top programming Languages like Python so people who love to work on Python, they will definitely love this language as well. This language is pretty much already popular and scaling quite a lot at the backend services.

In past years this language didn’t get much popularity but in 2024 it will be rising quite a lot. Go language is more efficient than C++ and it provides features to write concurrent programs that are difficult in other programming languages. Revel, Beego, Martini, Gin all are popular frameworks of this language. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

Kotlin

_image source : theengineerscafe.com

Kotlin is one of the top 10 programming languages designed to interoperate fully with Java, and the JVM version of Kotlin’s standard library depends on the Java Class Library, but type inference allows its syntax to be more concise.

Kotlin mainly targets the JVM, but also compiles to JavaScript (e.g., for frontend web applications using React or native code via LLVM. It can be used with both frontend and backend frameworks. The language comes with features such as interoperability with Java as well as Android Studio support. 

You can do amazing things with fewer bugs and fewer lines of code using Kotlin. As of 2020, Kotlin is the most widely used language on Android, with Google estimating that 70% of the top 1,000 apps on the Play Store are written in Kotlin.

Google itself has 60 apps written in Kotlin, including Maps and Drive. Many Android apps, such as Google Home, are in the process of being migrated to Kotlin, and therefore use both Kotlin and Java. 

Kotlin on Android is seen as beneficial for its null-pointer safety, as well as for its features that make for shorter, more readable code. Some of the popular frameworks are Ktor, Vertex, and Spring. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

Java

_image source : wikipedia

The well-known programming language Java ranks second in the ranking, one of the top programming languages with a market share of 15.81% according to the PYPL Index survey of 2023. This computer language is platform-independent code that first appeared in May 1995. 

The code is implemented via a virtual machine. The open-source language is known for its security.

It is used in applications involving large amounts of data. Java is used in 

• Apps and games, as well as 
• Enterprise applications 
• Companies like Google Spotify, or Pinterest use Java. 

An advantage of Java is that programmers can rely on existing solutions, which only need to be adapted to their application. This is due to the extensive standard library that has grown over the years.

Due to its complex structures and not-so-simple syntax, a longer engagement with the programming language is necessary. However, Java remains very popular, and one of the top programming languages also because of its secure and powerful features.

C#

_image source : wikipedia

This object-based computer language ranks is one of the top 10 programming languages with a market share of 6.64% in December 2023. The development of C# took place in 2001.   

The programming language is suitable for 

• Game development 
• Mobile apps
• Complex applications.

It is particularly designed for Microsoft applications, which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage. Another advantage of this language: its simple syntax makes it easy to learn. There is also a wide variety of libraries available for developers to use. Moreover it is one of the top programming languages.

Swift

_image source : wikipedia

Swift is one of the top 10 programming languages. Swift is a general purpose programming language that employs modern programming-language theory concepts and strives to present a simple, yet powerful syntax. 

Swift incorporates innovations and conventions from various programming languages, with notable inspiration from Objective-C, which it replaced as the primary development language on Apple Platforms.

The computer language developed by Apple was released in 2014. The syntax is not complex, making it easy for beginners to learn. Since 2020, the Apple programming language has also been available for Windows products. 

The selection of libraries is still limited, as the language has only been on the market for a few years. However, an advantage of Swift is that this computer language is distinguished by a variety of security mechanisms.

 Apple intended Swift to support many core concepts associated with Objective-C, notably dynamic dispatch, widespread late binding, extensible programming, and similar features, but in a “safer” way, making it easier to catch software bugs; Swift has features addressing some common programming errors like null pointer dereferencing and provides syntactic sugar to help avoid the pyramid of doom. Moreover it is one of the top programming languages.

Python

_image source : wikipedia

It is one of the top 10 programming languages also ranks highly in the RedMonk ranking. Its popularity is likely due to its straightforward application. It has been a common learning language at universities and in training programs since the 1990s.   

Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional programming. It is often described as a “batteries included” language due to its comprehensive standard library

Python is used in many industries, including 

• Software development 
• Finance 
• Web development 
• Data science 
• Game development 

Its syntax is simple, making learning, programming itself, and debugging easier. For newcomers, no extensive technical knowledge is required to learn this open-source application. However, Python requires high memory usage and is therefore not suitable for all applications. 

Python is commonly used in artificial intelligence projects and machine learning projects with the help of libraries like TensorFlow, Keras, Pytorch, scikit-learn and the Logic language ProbLog. 

As a scripting language with a modular architecture, simple syntax, and rich text processing tools, Python is often used for natural language processing. Moreover it is one of the top programming languages.

PHP

_image source : wikipedia

The platform-independent PHP one of the top 10 programming languages ranks sixth in the programming language ranking with a market share of 4.53%. The scripting language developed in the 1990s. 

PHP is used for 

• Dynamic websites and 
• Web-based databases. 
• Examples include 
• E-commerce platforms and 

CMS systems like WordPress a plus point of PHP is its simple syntax, which means no special programming knowledge is necessary.

In addition, the open-source application is freely available. However, the programming language is only applicable for websites and web applications. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

SQL

__image source : commons.wikimedia.org

SQL is one of the top programming languages. It is a set-based, declarative programming language, not an imperative programming language like C or BASIC. However, extensions to Standard SQL add procedural programming language functionality, such as control-of-flow constructs.

SQL is the third most-used language based on Stack Overflow’s statistics. In terms of job opportunities, companies from all industries may need SQL developers as they’re playing a vital role in database management.

Web developers use SQL to organize the website’s database and marketers to help evaluate their marketing campaigns. Furthermore, numerous database management systems use SQL, including MySQL and MariaDB.

Therefore, it’s fair to say that SQL developers are in high demand. Fortunately, learning SQL is extremely easy as its syntax uses common English words. Overall it is one of the top programming languages.

Conclusion 

There are various computer languages on the market with different market shares. Last year’s rankings provide a clear outlook on which languages could play a crucial role in 2024: The most important programming languages likely continue to include Python, Java, and JavaScript, as well as C#. 

see also : Top 10 Software Programming Languages