The Indian government is set to launch a Rs 6,000 crore Quantum Tech Scheme to support fresh innovation and progress in quantum technologies. Quantum communication networks help in the exchange of data through the use of entangled particles. Such networks are secure against eavesdropping and thus provide higher levels of privacy.
National Quantum Mission (NQM)
The National Quantum Mission (NQM) seeks to identify, develop, and grow research and development in science and industry for quantum technologies. The NQM has been approved with a total budget of Rs 6,003.65 crores to be spent in the subsequent financial years from 2023-24 to 2030-31. The government will partner with leading IT service providers such as Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), HCL, and Tech Mahindra. These companies will have a very important role to play in the creation of quantum software technologies.
Central Themes
The NQM will create four central themes which are Quantum Hardware, Quantum Encryption, Quantum Sensors, and Quantum Materials. Each hub will be established in a leading R& D institute like Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and Indian Institute of Science (IISc). These hubs will serve as non-profit organizations. The hubs will make cash releases to the startups and researchers. Around 50 startups already active in this segment will get some basic guidance and initial seed capital.
Quantum Computing Operations
Quantum computing operates on principles of quantum physics. Qubits can have more states than classical bits (0 or 1). A quantum computer can provide an answer to a problem in minutes that would take the others millions of years.
Significant Strides made by Quantum Technology
Quantum computing is progressing well and has useful applications in different fields. MRI scanners in medical diagnoses rely on the principles of quantum mechanics.
Lasers needed for communication, manufacturing, and scientific research are based on Quantum mechanics. Quantum effects influence the efficiency of the solar cell and energy conversion. These microscopes utilize quantum mechanics to yield better resolution in scientific research. Ultra-stable atomic clocks incorporating quantum technology support the GPS navigation system. Although the idea of quantum computing has not been fully realized, these uses show that quantum mechanics is not just a theory, but has tangible applications in society.
India’s Future
Quantum technology opens immense opportunities in terms of security. High-quality quantum computers might target India’s critical infrastructure. The NQM seeks to keep India quantum-safe and develop regulations for banking and other industries on using quantum-safe approaches.
Some specific applications of quantum technology
Quantum technology on the other hand has several uses in every field of endeavor. Quantum computers use concepts of quantum physics to solve problems that classical computers cannot solve at the same time. They work with qubits (quantum bits) which can carry different values at the same time thus carrying out calculations and discoveries much faster.
Quantum sensors are much more sensitive and accurate in comparison to conventional instruments. They can measure very small variations in measurable physical phenomena including magnetic fields, gravity, and temperature. Some of the applications are in imaging, which is better illustrated by MRI scanners, navigation by atomic clocks in GPS, and environmental control.
Quantum communication guarantees security while transmitting information. QKD protocols leverage principles of quantum physics to establish secure encryption keys, and boost cybersecurity. Quantum optics is a branch of quantum physics that deals with the behavior of light and matter at the quantum level. It is used in lasers, optical amplifiers and light-emitting diodes commonly referred to as LEDs.
Conclusion
By working with IT majors and startups, the government has taken a step in the right direction to realize the full potential of quantum technologies within India. Quantum simulations assist in the emulation of various chemical processes, which are effective in drug discovery and material science.
Image Source: Oxford Instruments
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